crude sesame oil refinery system manufacturing in venezuela

                                               
                                               
                                               
                                               
                                               
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  • Which refiners rely on Venezuela?
  • Other refiners such as Chalmette, Saint Charles, and Texas City are highly dependent on Venezuela for more than 60% of their total imports. The average crude quality imported by the refiners running Venezuelan crudes involves a 21.8 degree API and 2.7% sulphur spec crude. Replacing such barrels will be a tall task.
  • Does Venezuela rely on US refinery technology?
  • The effort by state oil firm Petroleos de Venezuela (PDVSA) and the state-owned National Iranian Oil Refining and Distribution Company (NIORDC) to boost fuel output at the Paraguana Refining Center marks a step toward ending Venezuela's reliance on U.S. refinery technology, the sources said.
  • Will PDVSA reanimate Venezuela's motor fuel production?
  • (Reuters, 8.Jul.2021) ¡ª Venezuela¡¯s state-run oil company PDVSA has started producing two upgraded crude grades for domestic refining, aiming at reanimating the country¡¯s much-needed output of motor fuels, according to a company document and sources close the decision.
  • Where does Venezuela's oil come from?
  • Most of Venezuela's proven oil reserves are extra-heavy crude oil from the Orinoco Belt. The extraction of extra-heavy crude oil requires a higher level of technical expertise, which international oil companies possess but their involvement has been limited by international sanctions.
  • How will sanctions affect Venezuela's oil production?
  • Venezuela¡¯s crude oil production in September declined from the recent high of 790,000 b/d in July 2023. Shortages of diluent, which is necessary to process Venezuela¡¯s heavy oil, reduced output. The lifting of sanctions will allow for increased diluent imports, which could boost production slightly.
  • How much oil does Venezuela produce in 2023?
  • Despite the sizeable reserves, Venezuela produced 0.8% of total global crude oil in 2023. Most of Venezuela's proven oil reserves are extra-heavy crude oil from the Orinoco Belt.