deacidification degumming crude oil refining machine in uganda

                                               
                                               
                                               
                                               
                                               
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  • What are the basic principles of degumming & refining?
  • Basic theory and principles of degumming, refining, bleaching, and deodorization are reviewed. Composition of crude oils, hydration of ions and molecules, neutralization of organic acid, and separation and modification of products by centrifugation, adsorption, and vacuum steam distillation are briefly summarized.
  • How does chemical deacidification affect oil production?
  • In chemical deacidification, there is considerable oil loss due to the hydrolysis of neutral oil by caustic. Besides, loss of oil also occurs in the form of occlusion in soapstock. The soapstock can hold as much as 50% of its weight of neutral oil, thereby reducing the overall yield of refined product.
  • How much neutral oil is lost by chemical deacidification?
  • According to Leibovitz and Ruckenstein (1983), chemical deacidification of crude corn oil with FFA content between 8.4% and 14% resulted in neutral oil loss of 15¨C25%, while for physical refining the loss of neutral oil varied between 11% and 20%.
  • What are the advantages of a membrane process in oil refining?
  • A membrane process offers several advantages over the conventional method of oil refining. Conceptually, membranes could be used in almost all stages of processing. In the present review, various attempts made by the researchers towards degumming, dewaxing, deacidifying, and decolorizing edible oils ¡­
  • How is deacidification accomplished?
  • Deacidification is accomplished by the addition of an alkali to degummed oil, thereby precipitating the FFA as soap stock; the latter is then removed by mechanical separation from the neutral oil. Since the alkali most often used for neutralization is caustic soda (sodium hydroxide), the process is widely known as caustic deacidification.
  • How is crude RBO deacidified?
  • Kale et al. (1999) studied deacidification of crude RBO by extracting with methanol followed by membrane separation. At the optimal ratio of 1.8:1 methanol/oil, the concentration of FFA in the crude RBO was reduced from 16.5% to 3.7%. A second extraction at 1:1 ratio reduced FFA in the oil to 0.33%.